What is the difference between a lithium battery and a storage battery?
Lithium battery: Lithium battery is a type of battery that uses lithium metal or lithium alloy as negative electrode material and uses non-aqueous electrolyte solution. Due to the very active chemical properties of lithium metal, the processing, storage and use of lithium metal have very high environmental requirements. Lithium batteries can be roughly divided into two categories: lithium metal batteries and lithium ion batteries.
Storage battery: The storage battery is also called the secondary battery. It is a device that directly converts chemical energy into electrical energy. It is a rechargeable battery designed to be recharged through a reversible chemical reaction. It usually refers to a lead-acid battery. After discharging, the internal active material can be regenerated by charging.
Analysis of the difference between lithium battery and storage battery:
1. Weight energy density
The current energy density of lithium batteries is generally 200-260wh/g, and the battery is generally 50-70wh/g, so the weight energy density of lithium batteries is 3-5 times that of batteries, which means that under the same capacity, the battery is lithium 3-5 times the battery, so in the lightweight of energy storage devices, lithium batteries occupy an absolute advantage.
2. Volume energy density
The volume capacity density of lithium batteries is usually about 1.5 times that of batteries, so under the same capacity, the volume of lithium batteries is about 30% smaller than that of batteries.
3. Service life
At present, the more popular material systems are ternary and iron-lithium. The cycle times of ternary power lithium batteries are usually more than 1,000 times, the cycle times of lithium iron phosphate batteries are more than 2,000 times, and the cycle times of batteries are usually only about 300-350 times. , So the service life of lithium batteries is about 3-6 times that of batteries.
4. Price
At present, lithium batteries are more expensive than batteries in terms of price, about 3 times, but combined with service life analysis, the same cost is still invested, and the life cycle of lithium batteries is still longer.
5. Applicability
Because the safety of lithium batteries is slightly worse than that of batteries, various safety precautions need to be done during use, such as preventing external forces or accidents from damaging the lithium batteries, which may cause fire or explosion; the current temperature of lithium batteries is applicable The performance is also very good, so in other aspects of adaptability, lithium batteries are not inferior to batteries.
6. Use occasions
Lithium batteries: mobile phones, computers, power tools, UPS power supplies, etc.
Battery: car start, electric car battery.
7. Security
The safety of lithium batteries comes from the stability of the positive electrode material and the reliable safety design. Lithium iron phosphate completely solves the safety hazards of lithium cobalt oxide and lithium manganate. Lead-acid batteries will explode under strong collisions, while iron phosphate Lithium has passed strict safety tests and will not explode even in severe collisions.
8. Green and environmental protection
Lithium iron phosphate battery does not contain any heavy metals and rare metals, is non-toxic, has no pollution in production and use, and complies with European RoHS regulations, and is a green battery. However, there is a large amount of lead in lead-acid batteries, which will still cause secondary pollution to the environment if it is improperly handled after it is discarded.
9. Operating temperature range
The operating temperature range of lithium batteries is -20-60°C, and air conditioning is not required, which reduces equipment installation costs, maintenance costs, and electricity costs. The operating temperature range of lead-acid batteries is 15-35°C.
10. Discharge characteristics
For the same fully charged lithium battery and accumulator, at the same temperature, using different rates of discharge current, the discharge output characteristics of the lithium battery are very stable, while the discharge output characteristics of the battery are very different, which will cause power instability.
Lithium batteries are more than 3 times higher than batteries in terms of volume-to-energy and weight-to-energy. Lithium batteries also have the advantages of smaller size, lighter weight, and long cycle life. The battery efficiency is not high, and the battery pack is bulky, causing the body to be heavy and the driving range is short.
